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Sida 1/68

IN USE/

CONDUCT OR

LINK/

ACT IVIT Y

Obtaining Other Language Versions: To obtain information in another language about

the use of this product, please contact your local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance

locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000.

This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the

equipment. Nor does it cover every possible situation which may arise during installation,

operation or maintenance. If special assistance is needed beyond the scope of this manual,

please contact the Crown Technical Support Group.

The information provided in this manual was deemed accurate as of the publication date.

However, updates to this information may have occurred. To obtain the latest version of this

manual, please visit the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com.

Trademark Notice: Crown, Crown Audio, Amcron, Com-Tech, Macro-Tech, IQ and IQ

System are registered trademarks of Crown International. TCP/IQ, SmartAmp, IQ2, PIP and

PIP2 are trademarks of Crown International. HiQnet is a trademark of Harman International

Industries, Inc. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Some models may be exported under the name Amcron.

U.S.A. Telephone: 574-294-8000

136763-6

4/08

Network Programmable Input Processors with HiQnet™, TCP/IQ™,

SmartAmp™Features, Load Supervision for Crown PIP2™-Compatible

Amplifiers, and CobraNet™ Connectivity (USP3/CN only)

Networked PIP Series Reference Manual

ANALOG AUDIO INPUTS

TCP / IQ

PIP-LITE

PIP-USP3

PIP-USP3/CN

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Networked PIP Series

page 2 Reference Manual

Crown Technical Support

1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, Indiana 46517-9439 U.S.A.

Phone: 800-342-6939 (North America, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) or 574-294-8200

Fax: 574-294-8301 Internet: http://www.crownaudio.com

FCC COMPLIANCE NOTICE

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following

two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device

must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operation.

CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for

complicance could void the user’s authority to operate the euqipment.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B

digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide

reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This

equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed

and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to

radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a

particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-

sion reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is

encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the

receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

WARNING

TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC

SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS

EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE!

WATCH FOR THESE SYMBOLS. The exclamation point triangle is

used to alert the user to important operating or maintenance

instructions.

The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user to the risk of

electric shock.

This product complies with CISPR22 Emissions standard,

EN55103-1 Emissions standard, and EN55103-2 Immunity standard.

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Reference Manual

Networked PIP Series

DECLARATION of CONFORMITY

Crown Audio, Inc.

1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.

Elkhart, IN 46517 U.S.A.

EMC Standards:

EN 55103-1:1995 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-

Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 1: Emissions

EN 55103-1:1995 Magnetic Field Emissions-Annex A @ 10 cm and 1 M

EN 61000-3-3:1995 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low-Voltage Supply Systems

Rated Current ≤16A

EN 55022:1992 + A1:1995 & A2:1997 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance

Characteristics of ITE: Radiated, Class B Limits; Conducted, Class B

EN 55103-2:1996 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-

Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 2: Immunity

EN 61000-4-2:1995 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity (Environment E2-Criteria B, 4k V Contact, 8k V

Air Discharge)

EN 61000-4-3:1996 Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Immunity (Environment E2, criteria A)

EN 61000-4-4:1995 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity (Criteria B)

EN 61000-4-5:1995 Surge Immunity (Criteria B)

EN 61000-4-6:1996 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields

(Criteria A)

EN 61000-4-11:1994 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variation

Safety Standard:

EN 60065: 1998 Safety Requirements – Audio Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus

European Representative’s Name and Address:

David Budge

10 Harvest Close

Yateley GU46 6YS

United Kingdom

Equipment Type: Control System Components

Family Name: PIP

Model Name: PIP-Lite, PIP-USP3, PIP-USP3/CN

Signed

Larry Coburn

Date of Issue: October 1, 2002

I certify that the product identified above conforms to the requirements of the EMC Council Directive 89/335/

EEC as amended by 92/31/EEC, and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EES as amended by 93/68/EEC.

Susan Whitfield

574-294-8289

swhitfield@crownintl.com

Title: Senior Vice President of Manufacturing

FOR COMPLIANCE QUESTIONS ONLY:

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Reference Manual

Networked PIP Series

Table of Contents

FCC Compliance Notice .............................................................. 2

Declaration of Conformity ............................................................ 3

Quick Install Procedure ................................................................ 4

Illustrations .................................................................................. 7

1 Welcome ..................................................... 9

1.1 Unpacking ........................................................................ 10

1.2 How to Use This Manual ................................................... 10

2 Controls, Indicators and Connectors ..................... 11

2.1 PIP-Lite ................................................................... 11

2.2 PIP-USP3................................................................ 12

2.3 PIP-USP3/CN.......................................................... 13

3 Installation .................................................. 14

3.1 Prepare the PIP ................................................................. 14

3.2 Prepare the Amplifier ........................................................ 14

3.3 Install the PIP Into the Amplifier ....................................... 15

3.4 Install the Wiring .............................................................. 16

3.4.1 Wiring Rules.............................................................. 16

3.4.2 Wiring Instructions.................................................... 17

4 How to Set Up TCP/IP....................................... 19

4.1. Introduction ...................................................................... 19

4.1.1 Glossary .................................................................... 19

4.2 TCP/IP Addressing Rules .................................................. 21

4.3 Network Setup Wizard ................................................. 22

5 Operation .................................................... 24

5.1 Hardware ........................................................................... 26

5.1.1 Data Indicator ........................................................... 26

5.1.2 Preset Indicator ......................................................... 26

5.1.3 Network Connector ................................................... 26

5.1.4 Link/Activity Indicator ............................................... 26

5.1.5 100 Mb Indicator (PIP-Lite, USP3 only) ................... 26

5.1.6 CobraNet Connectors (USP3/CN only)...................... 26

5.1.7 CobraNet In-use/Conductor Indicator

(USP3/CN only) ......................................................... 27

5.1.8 Balanced Audio Inputs .............................................. 27

5.1.9 Aux Input/Output Connector ..................................... 27

5.1.10 Listen Bus or Foldback ............................................ 28

5.1.11 Preset/Reset Switch ................................................ 28

5.2 Features of All Three Modules ........................................... 29

5.2.1 User Presets ............................................................. 29

5.2.2 Clip Event Monitor .................................................... 29

5.2.3 Input Signal Level Monitor ....................................... 29

5.2.4 Output Signal Level Monitor ..................................... 29

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Networked PIP Series

page 6 Reference Manual

Table of Contents (continued)

5.2.5 Thermal Headroom Level Monitor ............................ 29

5.2.6 Power/Standby Control .................... ................... ......29

5.2.7 Signal Mute ..............................................................29

5.2.8 Polarity Inverter ....................................................... 30

5.2.9 Input Signal Fader ....................................................30

5.2.10 Dynamic Gain Monitors (Ghost Faders) .................. 30

5.2.11 Amplifier Information ..............................................30

5.2.12 User and Channel Labels ........................................30

5.2.13 Amplifier Mode ....................................................... 30

5.2.14 Amplifier Output Mode ........................................... 30

5.2.15 Line Voltage Monitor .............................................. 30

5.2.16 Error Reporting ....................................................... 30

5.2.17 Auto Standby .......................................................... 31

5.2.18 Input Signal Compressor/Limiter ............................ 32

5.2.19 Peak Voltage Limiter ............................................... 32

5.2.20 Average Power Limiter ............................................ 33

5.2.21 Clip Eliminator ........................................................33

5.2.22 Thermal Limiter ......................................................33

5.2.23 Limiter Tie .............................................................. 33

5.2.24 Load Supervision ................................................... 34

5.2.25 Typical Load Characteristics....................................35

5.3 PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN Features.............................. 36

5.3.1 Input Signal Router ............ ................... ..................... 36

5.3.2 Filters ....................................................................... 36

5.3.3 Delay .......................................................................... 36

5.3.4 Noise Generator ......................................................... 37

5.3.5 Sine-wave Generator .................................................. 37

5.3.6 SLM (System and Load Monitoring)

Tab of the Control Panel ............................................. 37

5.4 PIP-USP3/CN Features...................................................... 42

5.4.1 Input Signal Router ............ ................... ..................... 42

5.5 CobraNet (PIP-USP3/CN only)......................................... 42

5.5.1 CobraNet Module Parameters ................................... 42

5.5.2 CobraNet Input Routing ................... ................... ......43

5.5.3 CobraNet Output Routing .......................................... 44

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6 Audio Signal Wiring and Network Basics ................ 45

6.1 A Closer Look at Audio Signal Wiring .................................45

6.2 Network Basics ....................................................................46

6.3 A Closer Look at CobraNet (PIP-USP3./CN only)................49

6.3.1 Fast Ethernet ...............................................................49

6.3.2 Audio Specs ...............................................................50

6.3.3 Bundles and Audio Channels.......................................50

6.3.4 The Conductor ................... ................... ......................51

6.3.5 Repeater Networks ......................................................51

6.3.6 Switched Networks .....................................................52

7 Advanced Features and Options ........................... 53

7.1 Using the AUX Connector ...................................................53

7.1.1 AUX Output .................................................................53

7.1.2 AUX Input ...................................................................54

7.1.3 Listen Bus Wiring ........................................................55

8 Specifications ............................................... 56

9 Using the PIP-Lite with the PIP-USP2 Adapter .......... 58

10 Troubleshooting............................................. 60

11 Service ....................................................... 62

11.1 International and Canada Service......................................62

11.2 US Service .......................................................................62

11.2.1 Factory Service ........................................................62

11.2.2 Factory Service Shipping Instructions ......................62

11.2.3 Packing Instructions.................................................63

11.2.4 Estimate Approval.....................................................63

11.2.5 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs............................63

12 Warranty .................................................... 64

Factory Service Information Form ..................................................67

Illustrations

1.1 PIP Series Modules ..................................................................9

2.1 PIP-Lite Front Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors........11

2.2 Pass the CAT5 Cable Twice Through the Supplied Ferrite Core 11

2.3 PIP-USP3 Front Panel Controls, Indicators and

Connectors ..............................................................................12

2.4 PIP-USP3/CN Front Panel Controls, Indicators and

Connectors ..............................................................................13

3.1 Installing the PIP into the Amplifier .........................................15

3.2 Network Wiring.........................................................................17

Table of Contents (continued)

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Networked PIP Series

page 8 Reference Manual

Illustrations (continued)

5.1 PIP-Lite Signal Flow Block Diagram .......................................24

5.2 PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN Signal Flow Block

Diagram .................................................................................25

5.3 SLM Tab of the Control Panel .................................................37

5.4 Typical Impedance Test Plot of Full-Range Speaker ................40

5.5 Frequency Response of Amplifier and DSP in dBu..................41

5.6 Impedance Plot and Frequency Response Plot........................41

6.1 Input Wiring for the PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3 ...........................45

6.2 Input Wiring for the PIP-USP3/CN..........................................45

6.3 A TCP/IP Network ..................................................................46

6.4 Multiple-Network Communications Via an IP Router ..............48

6.5 Star Network Topology ...........................................................49

6.6 Multi-Star Topology ....................... ............................. ...........50

7.1 AUX Output Control of a Relay ...............................................53

7.2 Wiring a Remote Preset Selector ............................................54

7.3 Listen Bus Wiring....................................................................55

9.1 “General” Tab Showing Indentification of PIP-USP2

Adapter ...................................................................................59

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Reference Manual

Networked PIP Series

*A PIP2-compatible amplifier is necessary to use these PIP modules. To determine if the amplifier is

PIP2 compatible, look for the logo on the back of the amplifier. These PIPs are NOT compatible

with older Crown PIP amplifiers (except the PIP-Lite if a USP2 adapter is first installed in the amplifier.

See Section 9 for more detail on the USP2 adapter.)

1Note that the PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3 cannot receive or transmit CobraNet audio. Please use the PIP-

USP3/CN if this function is desire

1 Welcome

The Crown

® Networked PIP™ series includes the PIP-Lite, PIP-USP3, and

PIP-USP3/CN. Each PIP (Programmable Input Processor) is a module for a PIP2™ com-

patible amplifier.* The module connects the amplifier to a 100 Mb Ethernet network allow-

ing it to be remotely controlled and monitored via System Architect or IQwic software.

Each PIP is a network component and connects to the audio control/monitor network using

standard 100Mb Ethernet hardware. This provides faster communications with HiQnet or

TCP/IQ than the previous current loop, IQ

® bus, connectivity method. With this protocol, a

large (or small) system can be interconnected using standard off-the shelf 100 Mb Ethernet

components (switches, Network Interface Cards, and cables). All the PIPs can also be con-

nected to the same network used to pass CobraNet audio.

The audio path in the PIP-Lite is processed totally in the analog domain without the inher-

ent noise induced by analog-to-digital conversions. While DSP-type functions are not

included with this type of architecture, the standard SmartAmp™ features are. These fea-

tures include level control, input compressors, multimode output limiters, error reporting

and load monitoring. The enhanced AUX port capability allows the user to interface with

the amplifier to provide external manual control and monitoring.

The Crown PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN include the same SmartAmp features as the

PIP-Lite. In addition, the USP3 and USP3/CN are 3rd generation DSP-based PIPs.

Their SHARC DSP processor gives the user an enormous amount of digital signal process-

ing. Audio routing, faders, meters, polarity & mute, input compressors, filters, multimode

output limiters, error reporting, and load monitoring are all available. A built in noise gen-

erator and sine-wave generator provide noise masking and test capabilities. In addition, the

PIP-USP3/CN allows the transport of real-time digital audio via CobraNet™ over the same

100Mb Ethernet network, providing a simple to install, single-plug solution for full-band-

width audio distribution, control, and monitoring.

Figure 1.1

PIP Series

Modules

IN USE/

CONDUCTOR

LINK/

ACTIVITY

ANALOG AUDIO INPUTS

TCP / IQ

PIP-Lite

Analog

PIP-USP3

DSP-based

PIP-USP3/CN

DSP-based

Works with CobraNet

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Networked PIP Series

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1.1 Unpacking

The unit is shipped in a protective antistatic bag. CAUTION: STATIC ELECTRICITY

MAY DAMAGE THE UNIT. Use caution when handling the unit. Carefully ground your-

self BEFORE touching the unit. Avoided unnecessary touching the components or solder

pads on the circuit board. It is best to handle the unit by its front panel only.

Please unpack and inspect the unit for damage that may have occurred during transit. If

damage is found, notify the transportation company immediately. Only the consignee may

initiate a claim with the carrier for shipping damage. Crown will be happy to cooperate fully

as needed. Save the shipping carton as evidence of damage for the shipper's inspection.

Even if the unit arrived in perfect condition, as most do, save all the packing materials.

NEVER SHIP THE UNIT WITHOUT THE FACTORY PACK.

1.2 How to Use This Manual

This manual provides you with the necessary information to safely and correctly set up and

operate your amplifier accessory. It does not cover every aspect of installation, setup or

operation that might occur under every condition. For additional information, please con-

sult Crown Tech Support, your system installer or retailer.

We strongly recommend that you read all inst cautions contained in ructions, warnings and

this manual. Also, for your protection, please send in your warranty registration card today,

or register online at www.crownaudio.com. And save your bill of sale – it’s your official

proof of purchase.

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Networked PIP Series

2 Controls, Indicators and Connectors

Figure 2.1 PIP-Lite Front Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors

(Note: Actual Product Artwork May Vary Slightly)

ANALOG AUDIO INPUTS

TCP / IQ

A. Balanced Audio Input Connectors

3-pin removable barrier-strip connectors, one per channel.

B. Preset Indicator

Signals the number of the current preset, if active, by flashing a series of flashes equal to

the current preset number. See Section 4.1.2.

C. Reset/Preset Switch

Used to change presets, restore settings to factory default or restore all the presets to the

factory defaults. During operations of the switch, the Data indicator flashes as an aid to

the user. See Section 4.1.11.

D. Data Indicator

Flashes when the PIP-Lite receives a valid command that is addressed to the PIP-Lite.

See Section 4.1.1.

E. AUX Connector

AUX input, AUX output, and Listen Bus. See Section 6.1.

F. Network Connector

The network connector is a standard RJ-45 connector that allows the PIP-Lite to connect

to an Ethernet network. Connection is made using a standard Category 5 or better cable

to a network switch port. For compliance with emission regulations, the supplied ferrite

core must be placed on the CAT5 cable, with the cable making two passes through the

core as shown in Figure 2.2. The Link Activity LED indicates data activity on the network

line. The 100 MB LED indicates that the data is at 100 Megabits. See Section 4.1.3.

G. Mounting Holes

2.1 PIP-Lite

Figure 2.2 Pass the CAT5

Cable Twice Through the

Supplied Ferrite Core

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2.2 PIP-USP3

Figure 2.3 PIP-USP3 Front Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors

(Note: Actual Product Artwork May Vary Slightly)

Please refer to Figure 2.3.

A Balanced Audio Input Connector

3-pin removable barrier strip connector for each audio channel.

B. AUX Connector

AUX input, AUX output, and Listen Bus.

C. Preset Indicator

Signals the number of the current preset, if active, by flashing a series of flashes equal to

the current preset number. See Section 4.1.2.

D. Reset/Preset Switch

Used to change presets, restore settings to factory default or restore all the presets to the

factory defaults. During operations of the switch, the Data indicator flashes as an aid to the

user. See Section 4.1.11.

E. Data Indicator

Flashes when the PIP-USP3 receives a valid command that is addressed to the PIP-USP3.

See Section 4.1.1.

F. Network Connector

The network connector is a standard RJ-45 connector that allows the PIP-USP3 to connect

to an Ethernet network. Connection is made using a standard Category 5 cable to a network

switch port. The Link Activity LED indicates data activity on the network line. The 100 MB

LED indicates that the data is at 100 Megabits. See Section 4.1.3.

G. Mounting Holes

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Networked PIP Series

2.3 PIP-USP3/CN

Figure 2.4 IQ-PIP-USP3/CN Front Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors

(Note: Actual Product Artwork May Vary Slightly)

A. Preset Indicator

Signals the number of the current preset, if active, by flashing a series of flashes equal to

the current preset number. See Section 4.1.2.

B. Reset/Preset Switch

Used to change presets, restore settings to factory default or restore all the presets to the

factory defaults. During operations of the switch, the Data indicator flashes as an aid to

the user. See Section 4.1.11.

C. Data Indicator

Flashes when the PIP-USP3/CN receives a valid command that is addressed to the PIP-

USP3/CN. See Sections 5.1.4 and 5.1.7.

D: Fan Vent

E. Mounting Holes

F. Balanced Audio Input Connector

Single 5-pin removable barrier-strip connector for both channels.

G. AUX Connector

AUX input or AUX output. Listen Bus is available through CobraNet.

H, I. Network Connectors

The dual RJ-45 CobraNet connectors allow a Primary & Secondary connection to the

100Mb Ethernet network. Should the Primary connection (H) lose Link activity with the

network, the USP3/CN will automatically switch to the Secondary connection (I) to

ensure uninterrupted audio and control. The indicators on the RJ-45 connectors display

network information concerning the Ethernet and CobraNet connections. See Sections

5.1.4, 5.1.6 and 5.1.7.

IN USE/

CONDUCTOR

LINK/

ACTIVITY

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3 Installation

Before beginning, please carefully note:

CAUTION: STATIC ELECTRICITY MAY DAMAGE THE UNIT. Use caution when han-

dling the unit. Carefully ground yourself BEFORE touching the unit. Avoided unnecessary

touching the components or solder pads on the circuit board. It is best to handle the unit by

its front panel only.

3.1 Prepare the PIP

The PIP comes ready to install in the amplifier. This unit does not require setting the “IQ

address” as the older current loop, Crown bus, units did. Each PIP (as well as all network

components) comes preprogrammed with a unique network (MAC) address. The IQ or HiQ-

net address is then set (automatically or manually) via the IQwic or SystemArchitect control

software. (Also you will set a TCP/IP network address.)

3.2 Prepare the Amplifier

Turn down the amplifier level controls (full counterclockwise) and turn off the

amplifier.

Disconnect the amplifier's power cord.

Remove the existing PIP module from the amplifier back panel (two screws). This may

involve disconnecting the PIP module from a PIP2 input adapter. If a PIP2 input adapter is

present, remove ribbon cables from the adapter.

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3.3 Install the PIP Into the Amplifier

Carefully ground yourself to the chassis of

the amplifier before installing the PIP. It is a good

idea to maintain ground contact between yourself

and the amplifier while inserting the module into

the amplifier.

Connect the PIP module to the amplifier.

1. Turn the PIP module upside down so the ribbon

cable connectors located along the back edge on

the underside of the module can be clearly seen

(See Figure 3.1)

2. Attach the ribbon cables from the amplifier to the

ribbon-cable connectors. The 20-pin cable (A)

should connect to the connector closest to the

corner and the 18 pin cable (B) should connect

to the other connector.

Important: Be careful when attaching the ribbon

cable to the connector. Don’t pull

cables out if they are short. Applying

pressure to an improperly seated

connector could cause the keying tabs, which

ensure proper pin alignment, to break. Connect-

ing the ribbon cables with improper pin align-

ment will likely result in damage to the PIP

module.

3. Set amplifier sensitivity.

Mount the PIP module in the amplifier.

1. With both cables firmly attached, turn the PIP

back to an upright position. Verify that the cables

run untwisted between the amplifier and the PIP

module.

2. Insert the PIP module into the amplifier while

taking care not to crimp, pinch or stretch the rib-

bon cables.

3. Fasten the PIP module to the amplifier rear panel

with the two supplied mounting screws. Be sure

to use the supplied star-washers for a good

ground connection.

Figure 3.1 Installing the PIP

into the Amplifier

EXACT CONFIGURATION

OF AMPLIFIER AND RIB-

BON CABLES MAY VARY

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Networked PIP Series

page 16 Reference Manual

3.4 Install the Wiring

IMPORTANT: Please read the wiring rules below before installing the wiring. If your com-

puter does not communicate with the network devices after installation and addressing,

re-read this section, as well as Section 4.2 on addressing rules.

3.4.1 Wiring Rules

• Connect each device to the network through its own cable in a Star Network. Do not con-

nect them in a serial fashion (as was done with the previous IQ current loop method).

• Make sure each device has its own Category 5 certified cable connecting it to a central

concentrator, most often a switch.

Detailed instructions follow on the next page.

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Networked PIP Series

3.4.2 Wiring Instructions

1. PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3 ONLY: Using a standard CAT5 cable, connect the network con-

nector to a 100 Mb port on an Ethenet switch that is used to form the control network. For

more detail see Section 6.2, Network Basics. If the PIP module is not to be connected to a

control network, it can be temporaily connected to a computer’s Ethernet port with a crossover

cable (TX and RX pairs switched) to set up the PIP module for desired operation.

PIP-USP3/CN ONLY: Using a standard CAT5 cable, connect the Primary CobraNet connec-

tor to a 100Mb port on the Ethernet switch that is used to form the CobraNet network. For

more detail, see Section 4.1.3. We highly recommend that the CobraNet be a standalone or

separate-network LAN. If network redundancy is required, use a standard CAT5 cable to con-

nect the Secondary CobraNet connector to a 100Mb port on the auxiliary CobraNet network.

HiQnet and TCP/IQ control is also available over the CobraNet network using Harman Pro

System Architect or IQWic software.

Computer

Laptop

100Mb Switch

PIP-Lite

PIP-USP3

PIP-USP3/CN

PIP-Lite

PS8810

Figure 3.2 Network Wiring

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2. Connect the Audio Input Wiring. The PIP module is equipped with removable barrier block

connectors for each channel’s input. See Section 5.1 for more detail on audio wiring. The

USP3/CN allows the use of standard balanced audio inputs to act either as CobraNet

backup, an emergency override of CobraNet audio, or as an audio input to the CobraNet

network. See Section 5.1.6 for additional details. The single 5-pin removable barrier block

connector allows both audio channels to be inserted into the USP3/CN, then routed via

software control.

3. Connect the AUX wiring if used. See Section 7.1 for more information.

4. Reconnect the amplifier's power cord.

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4.1 Introduction

Before you set up a TCP/IP network with addressing, it’s important to understand all the

terms involved. The following glossary explains network terminology.

4.1.1 Glossary

Network: A group of interconnected components, such as a central computer, network

switching equipment, and other computers or devices.

TCP/IP network: A network made of a computer, network switching equipment, and other

network devices such as network PIP cards plugged into power amps that communicate

using TCP and IP protocols.

Subnet: A small network within a larger network. For example, a control network might be

a subnet of a venue's network, which could include computers throughout the building. Or

an audio network might be divided into subnets. For example, one audio subnet might be

for the house system and another audio subnet might be for the paging system.

IP address: An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Each device in a

network has its own IP address to identify it. Example: 126.126.17.42. Networks using the

TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. An IP address

is made of four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. Typically

the last number should never be a zero or 255. For example, 126.126.17.1 could be an IP

address. 126.126.17.0 would not be a typical IP address.

A TCP/ IP or IP address has two parts: the NETWORK ID and the HOST ID. The NETWORK

ID identifies the network, and the HOST ID identifies either the subnet and device, or just

the device if there is no subnet.

The subnet mask is a code that indicates which part of the TCP/IP address is the NET-

WORK ID and which part is the HOST ID. In subnet-mask code, 255 means "This part of the

address is the NETWORK ID".

Example:

Suppose the IP ADDRESS of a device is 126.126.17.42

and the SUBNET MASK is 255.255.0.0.

That means, (126.126) is the NETWORK ID. The remaining set of numbers (17.42) is the

HOST ID.

4 How to Set Up TCP/IP

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If your audio network stands alone (it is not part of a larger network ) then the HOST ID

identifies each device in the network.

If your audio network is part of a venue's larger network, your network is actually a sub-net-

work or subnet. In this case, the HOST ID can be further divided into two or more parts. The

first part is the SUBNET ID. The other part is the DEVICE ID. The first part of the HOST ID

identifies the subnet of your audio system, and the remaining part identifies the particular

device within that subnet.

So in this case, a complete IP address is in the form

NETWORK ID - SUBNET ID - DEVICE ID.

All devices in the network have the same network ID. All devices in a subnet have the same

subnet ID.

There are many resources available on the Internet for IP and subnet calculation. For a

stand-alone system, Crown has provided a worksheet of a tested configuration later in this

section.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): This a protocol for automatically

assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. With dynamic (DHCP) addressing, a

device might have a different IP address every time it connects to the network. If a computer

is NOT connected to a network with a DHCP server, the computer will place a default net-

work ID into the TCP/IP address and Subnet Masks.

DHCP is available with Firmware version 2.0 or higher. It requires Harman Pro System

Architect to configure.

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4.2 TCP/IP Addressing Rules

In the next section, you will be assigning static TCP/IP addresses to the devices in your

network. When you do so, be sure to follow the addressing rules below. Otherwise, the

computer may not communicate with the devices.

1. Turn off DHCP (automatic addressing).

2. Assign each device a static (fixed) IP address. An IP address is made of four numbers

separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255.

3. Make sure that the computer and all the devices have the same NETWORK IDs in their

addresses. This tells the computer that all those devices are on the same network. Various

tools are available to determine whether devices are on the same network. In the addressing

utility described later, if items are NOT on the same network, they are highlighted in the list.

4. Make sure that each component has its own TCP/IP address, and there are no duplicate

addresses. The same holds true for IQ addresses.

5. Assign a subnet mask. Make it the same for all devices on the network. If the network you

are assembling will interconnect with other networks, your network is considered to be a

subnet within the larger network. Check with the network administrator to determine the

proper Subnet Mask for your subnet.

If you have a stand-alone network, you may use a Subnet Mask of 255.255.0.0 for all com-

ponents, including the computer.

Note: Just because two components have the same subnet mask does not mean that they

are on the same network. As we said, the subnet mask just tells what part of the TCP/IP

address is the Network ID.

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4.3 Network Setup Wizard

The network setup wizard can assist you in setting up your network for the first time. Using

the wizard, you can address your components and be informed of addressing and other

errors in the system. Please note that this wizard is designed to work with devices that are

on the same physical network segment as the computer it is running on. It will not work

through a router.

Select Network Card

The first page of the wizard lists all the network adapters (cards) currently in the computer.

If you have more than one adapter, you can scroll through the list and see the IP Address,

Subnet Mask and Gateway address assigned to each card.

If you have a card with an IP address of 0.0.0.0, it typically means one of several things:

1. The card is disabled.

2. The card is not connected to a network.

3. The card is setup to obtain it's address from a DHCP server, and no DHCP server is

available.

Select the card that is connected to the system and click the Next button.

Discover Devices on the Network

This page scans the network for available network devices and lists them by product.

If you believe you are connected to the network, but no devices are showing up:

1. You may have selected the wrong network adapter. Click Back and select the proper net-

work card.

2. You may have firewall (e.g. Checkpoint, Zone Alarm, Windows XP Service Pack 2) or

proxy software running on the computer that is interfering with network communications.

Turn off the firewall or proxy and restart the IQ software.

3. Your network may be improperly configured, or components may not be physically con-

nected to the network or powered on. Check your network configuration, then click the

Refresh button.

If some, but not all, network components are displayed in the list, check to make sure the

missing devices are physically connected to the network and powered on, and click

Refresh. (If the device is connected and on, you may need to power cycle the device.)

When you are satisfied with the list of devices, click Next.

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Address Devices on the Network

The box labeled Check for Errors will report to you if any devices in the system have mis-

configured IP addresses, or if there are duplicate IQ or HiQnet addresses in the system. If

there are, what happens next is dependent on what Action to Take is selected:

Readdress all devices - this selection will be the default if 10 or more addressing errors

are found in the system. This selection will bring up another page in the wizard where you

can readdress all the devices in the system.

Fix errors individually - this selection will be the default if 1 to 9 addressing errors are

found in the system. This selection will bring up another page in the wizard where the errors

will be listed and you will have the opportunity to fix each error individually.

No action at this time - this selection will be the default if no addressing errors are

found.

Select an Action to Take and click Next.

Readdress All Components

This page gives you the opportunity to assign IP and, optionally, IQ addresses to all devices

in the system. The default values will Assign IP addresses (including and Subnet Mask

Gateway address) that match the addresses assigned to the selected network

adapter in the computer. You can also Assign IQ Addresses by checking the appropriate

box and assigning a range of addresses.

The wizard is able to avoid assigning IP addresses used by other Crown or Harman compo-

nents, but it cannot detect if it has assigned an address that is currently being used by

another computer or TCP/IP device on the network. If you have other computers or devices

on the network, be sure to assign a range of addresses that does not conflict with the

addresses assigned to these network nodes.

Click the Readdress button to initiate the readdress process. The wizard will assign

addresses to, and reboot, each device on the network.

When the readdressing process is finished, click the Back button to check again for errors,

or the Finish button when you are ready to close the wizard.

Fix Errors Individually

This page gives you a list of each error detected in the system. Select the error you want to

fix in the list, then click Fix Error. A dialog will be displayed that will give the opportunity to

change the addresses of the offending device. Clicking OK on this dialog will change the

address on the selected device, reboot that device, and remove the error from the list.

When you are done fixing errors, click the Back button to check again for errors, or the

Finish button when you are ready to close the wizard.

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5 Operation

The PIP-Lite, PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN are network components that allow control and

monitoring of the power amplifier over a standard 100 Mb Ethernet network. Connection to

the control computer is made through its standard network adapter.

The PIPs can function independently from the network control. Once the processing is con-

figured, the module's non-volatile memory allows the amplifier to continue to function with

no external control.

The USP3/CN provides a single-click solution for distribution of audio, control, and moni-

toring of the amplifier. A single CAT5 connection to a standard Fast Ethernet network used

for CobraNet control provides all of the necessary infrastructure wiring. The software can set

up CobraNet audio routing and addressing. In the unlikely event of a network failure, the

analog audio balanced inputs provide a backup audio path that can be automatically

selected by the USP3/CN if CobraNet audio is disrupted.

Crown strongly recommends the use of a 100 Mb Ethernet network for control and monitor-

ing. While some Crown products will function on a 10 Mb Ethernet network, their perfor-

mance and network expansion capability will be limited.

Figure 5.1 shows the system block diagram of the PIP Lite.

Figure 5.1 PIP-Lite Signal Flow Block Diagram

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Figure 5.2 shows the system block diagram of the USP3 and USP3/CN.

Figure 5.2 PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN Signal Flow Block Diagram

Band Pass

Filters and Gain

Filters

Input

Compressor

Input

Delay

Filters

Output

Delay

Output

Limiters

Output

Fader

and Mute

Input

Meter

Auto Standby

Gate

Signal

Generators

Input Source

Selector

Band Pass

Filters and Gain

Filters

Input

Compressor

Input

Delay

Filters

Output

Delay

Output

Limiters

Output

Fader

and Mute

Input

Meter

Auto Standby

Gate

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5.1 Hardware

5.1.1 Data Indicator

An amber Data indicator is provided on the front panel. It flashes whenever a command

addressed to the PIP is received. To assist with troubleshooting, an option that forces the

data indicator to remain lit is available through the software. Some Crown amplifiers also

have a data indicator on their front panels. In these cases this indicator will light simulta-

neously as the PIP’s Data indicator.

5.1.2 Preset Indicator

A green Preset indicator is provided on the front panel. This indicator signals the number of

the current preset, if active, by continually flashing a series of flashes equal to the current

preset number, followed by a pause. A preset is considered “active” if the PIP settings

match those in the selected preset. If a change is made to any setting then the preset is con-

sidered “inactive,” and the indicator stops flashing.

5.1.3 Network Connector

The network connector is a standard RJ-45 connector that allows the PIP to connect to an

Ethernet network. Connection is made using a standard CAT5 cable to a network switch

port. In cases where a PIP is used in stand-alone mode (not connected to an network) it can

be configured using a crossover cable (TX and RX pairs swapped) directly to a computer’s

network adapter port. The PIP-USP3/CN has both a primary and secondary network con-

nector (see Section 5.1.6).

5.1.4 Link/Activity Indicator

The Link/Activity indicator is provided on the network connector to display the status of the

Ethernet connection. Whenever the PIP is properly connected to another functioning net-

work port, the indicator lights. When the PIP detects the presence of network traffic, the

indicator flashes. Note: This differs from the Data indicator mentioned previously in that it

flashes for all network traffic, not just for commands addressed to this component.

5.1.5 100 Mb Indicator (PIP-Lite, USP3 only)

The green 100 Mb indicator is also provided on the network connector. It lights when the

PIP detects that it is connected with a 100 Megabit connection. Note: The PIP is compatible

with 10 Megabit Ethernet networks. However, a 10 Megabit network is not recommended,

especially for systems with a large number of IQ components

5.1.6 CobraNet Connectors (USP3/CN only)

The Primary and Secondary CobraNet RJ-45 connectors allow the USP3/CN to interface to

the 100Mb Ethernet based CobraNet network. While the Primary CobraNet connector is the

main connection to the CobraNet network, the Secondary connector is the "backup" or

redundant connection to the CobraNet network. If the Primary connection fails due to cut

wire, failed network switch, etc., this port is automatically enabled and ready to receive the

CobraNet network data witin a few seconds. Connection is made using standard CAT5

cable to a network switch port. Crown strongly recommends the use of switches and not

hubs in the implementation of the CobraNet network. Use of hubs will limit the amount of

CobraNet traffic that can reside on the network and create unnecessary limitations in the

network.

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5.1.7 CobraNet In-Use/Conductor Indicator (USP3/CN only)

The indicator on the left side of each CobraNet RJ-45 connector turns ON if the port is in-

use (i.e. the link is being used to transmit or receive active CobraNet traffic), and will blink

if the device is also the conductor (the timing reference).

5.1.8 Balanced Audio Inputs

This removable barrier block connector allows line level audio signals to be input to the

PIP. The PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3 use two 3-pin connectors (one per channel), while the

PIP-USP3/CN uses one 5-pin connector that handles both channels. The USP3/CN

accepts line level analog audio signals in addition to the digital audio that is available

through the CobraNet network. In the USP3/CN, this analog audio can be used for one of

three purposes:

• Backup of the CobraNet Network audio: In the unlikely event of a loss of CobraNet

audio to the USP3/CN, the module would automatically switch over to the Balanced Audio

Inputs.

• Emergency Override: If a hardwired override signal would be required of the entire

system, the USP3/CN would automatically sense the presence of the Override Signal at the

Balanced Audio Inputs and switch to that signal.

• CobraNet Network Audio Inputs: Each USP3/CN can act as a CobraNet audio Input

source by converting the Balanced Audio Inputs to CobraNet.

5.1.9 Aux Input/Output Connector

An RJ-11 connector provides three functions: AUX output, AUX input and Listen Bus. Ana-

log Listen Bus or foldback is not available in the PIP-USP3/CN. The AUX output is a mul-

tifunctional control output that delivers 15 VDC limited to 15 mA. It can be configured in

three modes:

• Manual mode: The output is simply controlled with a command from the IQ software.

• Error reporting mode: The AUX out is active when the PIP detects an error. Each error

source (Thermal, Clip, Load, Amp Fault, and Line Voltage) can be individually enabled to

activate the AUX output when the error conditions are met.

• Flash preset mode: The AUX output can be configured to flash the preset number like

the front panel indicator.

An inversion control allows the AUX output functionally to be inverted for the manual and

error reporting modes. The inversion control is ignored for flash preset mode.

The AUX input is a two-state input with a high state defined as voltage between 4 and 15

VDC. The low state is defined as voltages between 0 and 1.6 VDC. It has a 10K input

impedance. The AUX input can be configured in several modes:

• None: In this mode the PIP makes no changes to its operation. However, the AUX input

status can be monitored through the IQwic software and used for functions within the soft-

ware.

• Mute Channel 1, Mute Channel 2, and Mute both functions each mute their

respective channels when the AUX input is active. Likewise, the Power Channel 1,

Power Channel 2, and Power Off Both functions disable the respective channels dur-

ing an active AUX input.

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• The Cycle Preset Mode will advance the PIP through a defined range of presets on a

low-to-high transition of the AUX input. The inversion object changes the activity to a high-

to-low transition. The range of presets is defined by the max preset and min preset

controls. Once the max preset is reached the next defined AUX input event will cycle the PIP

to the minimum preset.

• AUX Input Inversion: This control allows the low state to activate the selected func-

tion. Normally, the high state activates the selected AUX input function.

The AUX port provides a power supply for the AUX input. This 15 VDC at 15 mA supply can

be connected through a switch to the AUX input. This allows a simple switch closure to

operate the aux input without the need of an external power supply. See Section 6.1 for

details on using the AUX port.

5.1.10 Listen Bus or Foldback

The AUX port is also used for the Listen Bus connection. Two pins of the connector pro-

vide a balanced line-level audio output that can be selectively driven by either channel

under IQ software control. Multiple PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3 modules can have their Listen

Bus outputs wired onto a single bus allowing the system operator to listen to any of their

outputs.

5.1.11 Preset/Reset Switch

The Preset/Reset switch is a recessed pushbutton located between the Data and Preset indi-

cators. It is activated by a straightened paper clip or similar object. This switch can be used

to change presets, restore settings to factory default or restore all the presets to the factory

defaults. During operations of the switch, the Data indicator flashes as an aid to the user.

To select a preset: Remove all audio input signals. With the PIP powered up, momen-

tarily hold the preset switch in for one flash of the Data indicator (less than 2 seconds) and

then release. The PIP will load the next preset in the defined preset range. The range of pre-

sets is defined by the Maximum Preset and Minimum Preset controls. Once the Maximum

Preset is reached the next momentary depression of the switch will cycle the PIP to the

Minimum Preset. The Preset indicator will flash the number of the selected preset followed

by a pause. Restore the audio input signals.

To restore the unit to factory default settings: Remove all audio input signals. Hold

the Reset/Preset switch in for two flashes of the Data light (longer than 2 seconds). The

Data indicator will flash rapidly for a moment. Restore the audio input signals.

To restore the unit including presets to factory default settings: Remove all

audio input signals. Hold the Reset/Preset switch while applying power to the unit. The

Data and Preset indicator will both light. Release the switch within 5 seconds (before the

Data and Preset indicators go out). The Data indicator will flash rapidly for a moment.

Restore the audio input signals.

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5.2 Features of All Three Modules

The exact location of the following controls varies with the software. These features might be

inaccessible from the standard control panel, but accessible from a custom control page.

5.2.1 User Presets

The control settings for all the functions can be stored as presets. A total of ten presets can be

saved in the PIP’s nonvolatile memory. Each preset can be named with a 30 character name

describing its function, which is also stored in the PIP’s memory.

• The Store Preset Control saves the current setting to the specified preset.

• The Recall Preset Control recalls the specified preset settings.

• The Preset Valid Monitor indicates if a change has been made to any setting since the

last time a preset has be saved or recalled.

• The Last Stored or Recalled Preset Monitor indicates what the Last Stored or

Recalled preset is.

5.2.2 Clip Event Monitor

A clip detector is provided each channel. These monitors will indicate any clip condition

(> 0.05% distortion) in the amplifier channel. The clip detectors also can indicate certain

errors (See Section 4.2.18).

5.2.3 Input Signal Level Monitor

The input signal level of each channel can be monitored. The measurement range is from

+20dBu to -40dBu with 0.5dBu resolution. Each audio channel has the following monitors:

• Analog Audio Input: The audio input at the Balanced Audio Inputs of the PIP's front

panel.

• Switched Audio Input: The audio input after the Input Audio Router.

• CobraNet Audio Input (USP3/CN only): The audio input level from the selected

CobraNet audio channel.

5.2.4 Output Signal Level Monitor

The output signal level of each channel can be monitored. The measurement range is from 0

dB to –40 dB with 0.5 dB resolution. The monitors are scaled so that 0 dB is referenced to the

full rated output voltage of the amplifier. In Com-Tech

® amplifiers the scaling can be changed

between the rated 70V output and the rated 8-ohm level. For all other amplifier models, the

scale is set to the rated output level.

5.2.5 Thermal Headroom Level Monitor

The thermal headroom level of each channel can be monitored with the software. This level

represents the percent of available power/thermal capacity that is currently being used within

the output section of the amplifier. When the thermal headroom level reaches 100%, the

amplifier cannot produce any more power and it will begin to protect the output devices by

limiting their drive level. The thermal limiter feature of the PIP can be set to engage at a pre-

selected thermal level. (See Section 5.2.19.)

5.2.6 Power/Standby Control

Each channel can be independently turned on and off.

5.2.7 Signal Mute

The output signal of each channel can be independently muted. This function produces 60 dB

or more of attenuation.

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5.2.8 Polarity Inverter

The input signal polarity of each channel can be independently inverted.

5.2.9 Input Signal Fader

Each input signal can be adjusted under software control. The gain range is +20dB to

–80dB in 0.5dB steps. In addition to adjustment of the post input router signal, each Analog

Audio Input has a separate Fader that allows the trim of the Analog Audio Input before the

Input Router.

5.2.10 Dynamic Gain Monitors (Ghost Faders)

These indicators let the user monitor the actual signal path gain. The actual gain may vary

from the input attenuator settings as a result of compression and limiting. On standard IQwic

software control panels, these indicators appear as flying ghost faders behind the input atten-

uator controls. System Architect has separate gain-reduction meters.

5.2.11 Amplifier Information

At startup, the PIP extracts several useful items of information about the host amplifier. These

include manufacturer, model, date code, and serial number. This information is stored in the

software system inventory and is displayed on the software control panels.

5.2.12 User and Channel Labels

The PIP can store two user labels and two channel labels. These labels are 30-character

strings that can be set by the user to indicate the function of the amplifier and its channels. For

example, “LOWER RIGHT CLUSTER, FOR DELAY.”

5.2.13 Amplifier Mode

The host amplifier’s mode status — Stereo (Dual), Bridge-Mono, or Parallel-Mono — can be

sent to the PIP with this control. IQwic then becomes aware of the amplifier's mode and the

IQ-PIP of the Channel 2 controls. The actual mode of the amplifier cannot be controlled by

this function. The amplifier mode must be selected with the switch located on the amplifier

rear panel.

5.2.14 Amplifier Output Mode

On Com-Tech series amplifiers, the output mode (70V or 8-4 ohm) should be set on the PIP

with these controls. This allows the PIP to scale its output meters appropriately and lets the

software become aware of the settings. The actual mode of the amplifier cannot be controlled

by this function. The amplifier output mode, for each channel, must be selected with the

switches located on the rear of the amplifier.

5.2.15 Line Voltage Monitor

The AC line voltage supplied to the amplifier can be monitored with this function in the CTs

series of amplifiers. This function is NOT supported in any other amplifier. The amplifier line

voltage is displayed, and no user input is required.

5.2.16 Error Reporting

The PIP can detect four different error conditions per channel and errors in the AC line volt-

age. Each error type can be configured to report the error through the control network and/or

the AUX port. Network reported errors appear in the control software’s Error Window.

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The software offer many options to further report errors, including audible alerts, printout,

email, pager, serial port and fax. The exact options vary depending if you are using System

Architect or IQwic. The options are set in the software. The following describes each error

source.

CLIP: The PIP can be configured to report if an excessive number of clip events occur in

either amplifier channel. The clip events are consider an error if they exceed the defined count

per the defined unit of time. The Count Control sets the maximum number of events before

the error is reported. The range is 1 to 100. The Time Control defines the amount of time that

the events are counted before starting the counting process over. Its range is 1 to 10 seconds.

Note: Clip events are defined as the start of each clip and every 10

milliseconds the amplifier is in clip thereafter. Using a high count setting with a short time

setting may result in clip error never being detected.

THERMAL: Errors can be generated for excessive temperature in the output section of the

amplifier channel. The Threshold Control sets the level that, if exceeded, will generate the

error report. This control has a range of 1 to 100%.

FAULT: Some PIP2-compatible amplifiers provide a fault signal to the PIP if it detects some

catastrophic amplifier failure.

LOAD: If the load monitoring feature is activated, an error report can be generated if the load

impedance moves outside the pre-selected range. See Section 4.2.29 for instructions on set-

ting up load monitoring.

LINE VOLTAGE: In the CTs series of amplifiers, the AC line voltage can be monitored and

an error generated whenever the voltage is outside of the limits set by the software.

5.2.17 Auto Standby

The Auto Standby feature automatically turns off either amplifier channel when no audio input

signal has been detected for a period of time. The channels are controlled independently. It is

similar to an audio gate but it atenuates the power supply. There are three parameters which

control this feature for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this feature.

Input Gate Level: Sets the level, in dBu, below which the high-voltage supply of an ampli-

fier channel will be turned off. The range is from +16 dBu to –40 dBu.

Turn-Off Delay: Sets the time, in minutes, that the input signal must remain below the gate

level before the channel will be disabled. The range is from 0 to 255 minutes. A setting of

zero is provided to facilitate the setup of the input gate level.

Power-On Delay Control: This control multiplies the addresses by a time offset to provide

sequencing of power-on in the amplifiers. So if you apply power to the entire rack at once,

and this feature is engaged, the amplifers will come on in series based on their addresses.

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5.2.18 Input Signal Compressor/Limiter

An input signal compressor/limiter is available for each channel. Five parameters control

this feature:

Enable: Enables or disables this function.

Threshold: Sets the level, in dBu, above which the compressor begins to attenuate the

input signal. This level corresponds to the input level meter reading. The compressor is

“feed-forward,” meaning that the level detection point is located before the gain control

stage. The range is from +20 dBu to – 50 dBu.

Hysteresis: A “dead zone” that ensures a significant change before acting. The range is

from 0 to 12 dB. It requires the signal to go above the upper threshold before engaging and

to go below the lower threshold before releasing. Hysteresis is not included in the standard

System Architect control panel, but it is available on a custom control page.

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the compressor. The attack time is defined as the time

it takes the compressor to attenuate the signal gain by 20 dB. The range is from 1 millisec-

ond to 0.1 second.

Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the

time it takes the compressor to increase the signal gain by 20 dB. The range is from

10 milliseconds to 10 seconds.

Compression Ratio: Sets the compression ratio of the compressor. The ratio is the rela-

tion between the amount of attenuation applied by the compressor verses the amount that

the input signal is over the threshold. The available settings are 2:1 to 32:1.

Beyond the three controls for each channel, a single-control Compressor Tie connects

the compressors together. The compressors are tied at their sense points, meaning that the

greater of the two input signals will be used as stimulus for both compressors. Each com-

pressor will still compress based on its individual threshold, attack, release and ratio set-

tings. Compressor Tie is not included in the standard System Architect control panel, but it

is available on a custom control page.

5.2.19 Peak Voltage Limiter

This limits the peak voltage output of the amplifier. Four parameters control this limiter for

each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this function.

Threshold: Sets the level, in absolute voltage, which the limiter will allow from the ampli-

fier. The range is from 12 Vpk to 255 Vpk.

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the limiter. The attack time is defined as the time it

takes the limiter to attenuate the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 millisecond to

100 milliseconds.

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Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the

time it takes the limiter to increase the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 10 milli-

seconds to 10 seconds.

5.2.20 Average Power Limiter

This limits the long-term output power of the amplifier. Four parameters control this limiter

for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this limiter.

Threshold: Sets the average power level, in watts, which the limiter will allow from the

amplifier channel. The range is from 10 watts to 10,000 watts. This level should be set to the

connected loudspeaker’s long-term power rating.

Attack Time: Sets the attack time of the limiter. The attack time is defined as the time it

takes the limiter to attenuate the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 second to 30

seconds.

Release Time: Sets the release time of the compressor. The release time is defined as the

time it takes the limiter to increase the output signal by 20 dB. The range is from 1 second to

30 seconds.

5.2.21 Clip Eliminator

This limiter monitors the clip events and attenuates the input signal to prevent amplifier

clipping. The attack and release times are preset to optimum rates. Only one parameter

controls this limiter. Enable enables or disables this limiter.

5.2.22 Thermal Limiter

This thermal limiter is provided to limit the amplifier output proportionally to available ther-

mal headroom, allowing smooth system level reduction while preventing amplifier overload.

Three parameters control this limiter for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables this limiter.

Threshold: Sets the thermal level, in percent, above which the limiting will begin. The

range is from 1% to 100%.

Attenuation: Sets the amount, in dB, that will be attenuated for each percentage point that

the thermal level exceeds the threshold. The range is from 0.5 dB to 6 dB in 0.5 dB steps.

5.2.23 Limiter Tie

This control forces both channels to track by using the greatest (worst case) attenuation of

any limiter from either channel. With this option disabled, each channel will independently

take the greatest attenuation of its own four limiters (voltage, power, clip, thermal) and

ignore the limiting of the other channel. Note that this function does not include the effects

of the input compressors. To tie the input compressors, use the Compressor Tie function.

Compressor Tie is not included in the standard System Architect control panel, but it is

available on a custom control page.

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5.2.24 Load Supervision

The load supervision feature allows real-time monitoring of the load connected to each

amplifier channel. When enabled, the PIP continuously monitors the amplifier output voltage

and current, and calculates the long-term average load impedance. The measured load

impedance is compared against the user-defined high and low limits. If either limit is

exceeded, the status indicator and, if enabled, the IQwic Error Reporting functions alert the

user of the problem. There are six controls and two indicators for each channel:

Enable: Enables or disables the load-supervision function.

High Limit: Sets the upper bound above which the system will report a “high” error status.

Low Limit: Sets the lower bound below which the system will report a “low” error status.

Nominal Load Impedance: Sets the expected average impedance for the connected load.

This value determines the output signal level required for the test. This parameter is also

used by the average power limiter to determine the expected power threshold. (See Section

4.2.25).

Report Error to Network: Enables Error Reporting to send an error report via the network

so that high and low load conditions are reported to the software. (See Section 4.2.18).

Report Error to Aux: Enables and high or low load error to be reported by the AUX output.

(See Sections 4.2.18 and 6.1.)

Test Indicator: This indicator is active when the amplifier output signal is sufficient to

allow load impedance calculation and test verification.

Low/Normal/High Indicator: This indicator shows the present status of the load imped-

ance with respect to the user-defined high and low limits.

Z Average Monitor: Reports the actual calculated average load impedance in ohms. Its

range is from 0 ohms to 250 ohms.

Load Supervision Applications

The Load Supervision feature can be used to monitor the amplifier load in real time with

almost any program material. Average load impedance is calculated as a function of ampli-

fier output voltage and current. This function is different from the SLM feature as it uses the

program material to calculate. The system requires approximately 20-30 mA of average

amplifier output current for adequate supervision. This allows typically low average output

power levels of less than ½ watt with most loads. The maximum load impedance for reliable

system performance is limited to about 50 ohms. Higher impedances can be measured but

may require higher amplifier output levels for reliable operation.

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Most amplifier/load systems can be configured and supervised by following these steps:

1. Configure your audio system using a known “good” load, then enable the Load Supervi-

sion feature.

2. Provide typical program material at a level high enough to light the “test” indicator.

3. Run the system at this level until the average impedance stabilizes. This may take sec-

onds to minutes depending on level, duty-cycle, etc.

4. Set the nominal impedance at the measured value average. This optimizes the supervi-

sion algorithm for voltage and current levels versus the actual load. Note: a higher nom-

inal setting will require higher output levels.

5. Set the high limit at twice average and the low limit at one-fourth nominal. (These limits

are somewhat arbitrary but should be a good starting point.)

6. Let the system run for extended periods using any and all typical program material.

7. Adjust the high/low limits, if necessary, to account for any variance in average measured

impedance.

8. Enable error reporting, if desired.

This procedure should work well for most applications. However, some applications can be

a little more difficult. Some very low-level and/or low duty-cycle signals may not ade-

quately “test” the load. Lab and situation testing have shown output levels as small 40 dB

below rated amplifier output to be enough for most low-impedance loads. Higher imped-

ance loads such as those used in “lightly-loaded” 70V distribution lines may require signal

level near 20 dB below rated output.

The “Nominal Load Impedance” control is used to optimize the system for the most accu-

rate calculation of load impedance. It should be set to the expected nominal (or rated)

impedance of the “normal” load. The high limit should be set for at least 2 times the

expected nominal or actual measured load, while the low limit should be set to ½ the

expected nominal or actual measured load.

The following example calculates the SPL necessary for supervision of a typical 8-ohm

system. While the resulting 80-dB SPL @ 1 meter is definitely above conversation level, it

is not uncomfortable.

An “8 ohm” example:

30 mA into 8 ohms = 0.007watts

8-ohm driver sensitivity = 100dB for 1W @ 1 meter

0.007W/1W = –20dB

Required SPL for supervision test is 100dB – 20dB = 80dB SPL @ 1 meter

5.2.25 Typical Load Characteristics

It is well known that the typical loudspeaker impedance is not the same for all frequencies.

This variance is due to the effect of electrical properties such as the expected increase in

impedance at high frequencies due to driver voice-coil inductance, or the peaks and valleys

due to passive crossovers. Testing of various passive boxes has shown peaks of 100 ohms

or more! Low-frequency impedance variation can come from the interaction of the driver

compliance with that of the box. The low frequency variations are usually wide bandwidth

and may vary from 6 to 30 ohms on an 8-ohm driver.

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In addition to these unavoidable delays, additional delay can be added to each channel.

Each channel is capable of 2.0 seconds of delay in 20.8 µs increments.

Overall delay = inherent delay + coarse delay + fine delay.

5.3.4 Noise Generator

Each channel has an independent uncorrelated noise generator that allows noise to be

mixed into the audio signal. This is useful for noise masking applications and testing. Each

channel has the following controls:

• Noise On/Off: The channel's noise generator can be independently turned on.

• Noise Type: Full spectrum white noise or pink noise.

• Noise Level: A fader to allow the noise level to be controlled.

5.3.5 Sine-wave Generator

A sine-wave signal generator allows the mixing of a single tone into the audio signal. Typi-

cal applications can be for the injection of a high frequency tone (19kHz) into the signal in

paging type system to continually drive the speaker, allowing continuous monitoring of the

speaker load. The following controls exist:

• Sine On/Off: The sine-wave signal generator's function.

• Sine Frequency: Controllable from 20Hz to 20kHz.

• Sine Level: Each channel's sine-wave signal level can be independently controlled.

5.3.6 SLM (System and Load Monitoring) Tab of the Control Panel

This function is available only in IQwic, not in System Architect v1.0. Also, it is available for

the PIP-USP3 and PIP-USP3/CN, but not for the PIP-Lite.

Figure 5.3 SLM Tab of the Control Panel

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The SLM tab allows you to test network-PIP components for impedance vs. frequency and

frequency response. The USP3 and USP3/CN include a signal generator to provide a swept

sine-wave signal for the tests. Described below are the three sections of the SLM tab:

Sweep, Channel SLM and Tolerance.

Sweep

The Sweep section of the SLM tab is used to set the sine-wave sweep parameters:

• Start frequency

• Stop frequency

• Sine Wave Generator Signal Level (– infinity to + 20 dBu)

• Resolution (frequency step size of the test sweep)

You can set the sweep’s start and stop frequencies either with the Start and Stop drop-down

menus, or with the sliders on the frequency scale at the bottom. IQwic maintains at least

1/24 octave difference between the Start and Stop frequencies.

Note: Please see the online help for assistance with the software navigation.

Channel System and Load Monitoring

This section of the SLM tab (one section per channel) allows you to set up tests. Basically

you run a reference curve on a known good component, then run tests at a future date.

Those test results will be compared to the measured reference values.

The Mode drop-down menu selects the type of test:

• Off-Pass means that no testing actually is taking place. The PIP reports back a "pass"

condition so that errors are not triggered.

• Impedance Test means that the PIP card measures the impedance of the load currently

connected to the amplifier and compares it to the reference curve stored earlier. If it is out of

tolerance then the software reports an error.

• Frequency Test means that the PIP card measures the frequency response of the amplifier

and DSP, and compares it to the reference stored earlier. If it is outside of the tolerance then

the software reports an error.

• Imp./Freq. Test combines both of the tests above.

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• Reference measures both the impedance-vs.-frequency and frequency response of a

known good component. All other tests are compared to these results until a new reference

is created.

Impedance and Frequency Pass/Fail Indicators

These show whether the channel passed or failed the selected test.

Start/Stop Frequencies

These are the lowest and highest frequencies of the displayed curve. You can set these fre-

quencies either with the drop-down menus or with sliders on the frequency scale at the bot-

tom.

Tolerance Section of the SLM Tab

These controls allow you to set tolerances for impedance and frequency tests.

Impedance Tolerance (1% to 100%, one per channel)

Use the Impedance Tolerance control to set the percentage of difference by which an imped-

ance test may vary from the reference and still be considered "passing." Tests conducted

where the impedance is measured at a percentage outside this tolerance at any point along

the frequency range will be considered "failed" for purposes of the impedance test. Use

either the drop-down menu or the slider.

Frequency Tolerance (1 dB to 25 dB, one per channel)

Use the Frequency Tolerance control to set the difference in dB by which a frequency test

may vary from the reference and still be considered "passing." Tests conducted where the

frequency is measured at a dB level outside of this tolerance at any point along the fre-

quency range will be considered "failed" for purposes of the frequency test. Use either the

drop-down menu or the slider.

Report Errors

Report Errors via Standard Error Reporting: If this button is set to the on position, the

results of a test are reported in the standard error reporting windows.

Report Errors via Aux: If this button is set to the on position, the results of a test are

reported via the Aux Out port of the USP3 or USP3/CN. The Aux Out port will be set high if

all tests have a Pass result. It will be set low if any of the tests fail.

Conducting a Test

Once tests are set up, you may initiate a test by clicking on the Start button located at the

top of the Control Panel. This will cause a swept sine wave to be generated through each

channel at the frequencies and levels defined. While a test is in progress, the Testing LED

will blink. Once a test is completed, the "Pass/Fail" indicators will be updated accordingly.

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Figure 5.6 Impedance Plot and Frequency Response Plot

Figure 5.5 Frequency Response of Amplifier and DSP in dBu

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5.4 PIP-USP3/CN Features

5.4.1 Input Signal Router

Each channel of the PIP’s signal processing has an Input Signal Router that allows the

choice of audio signal that will be used by the channel. The user may choose one of the fol-

lowing configurations:

• CobraNet Audio: This is the assigned CobraNet audio as setup in the CobraNet Input

section of the software. See Section 6.3 for more details. Choices for the CobraNet Input are

Channel 1, Channel 2, or a sum of Channels 1 and 2.

• CobraNet with Analog Backup: This allows the use of the Balanced Audio Inputs to

be used as backup to the CobraNet audio should the network's audio be lost for any reason.

In this mode, the USP3/CN will sense the loss of the CobraNet audio and will automatically

switch to the chosen Balanced Audio Input until CobraNet network audio returns.

• CobraNet with Analog Override : If an external emergency override of the CobraNet

audio is required, this mode will allow the automatic switching of the Balanced Audio Input

over the CobraNet audio input if a signal is noticed on the Analog Input. When the Emer-

gency Override is completed, the CobraNet audio will be routed to the channel after 10 sec-

onds.

5.5 CobraNet (PIP-USP3/CN only)

CobraNet is a licensed technology developed by Peak Audio, Inc. consisting of proprietary

communications protocol, firmware and hardware. It allows reliable, deterministic trans-

mission of digital audio over a 100Base-T Fast Ethernet network. The PIP-USP3/CN oper-

ates as a networked device on a CobraNet network, and interfaces digital audio from the

network to the amplifer. Refer to Section 6.3 for a more thorough discussion about Cobra-

Net technology.*

This section describes the PIP-USP3/CN’s CobraNet control and monitoring features.

These features are accessed via the control software. Please refer to the software documen-

tation if you are unfamiliar with the software.

5.5.1 CobraNet Module Parameters

The internal CobraNet Network Interface Module contains several parameters for control

and monitor of status of the CobraNet network, and do not directly affect the control net-

work. These variables can also be controlled and monitored through the CobraNet network

using CobraCAD™** or other industry-standard SNMP-enabled network management

software.

Conductor

Any CobraNet device can be configured to operate either as Network Conductor or a Per-

former:

• Active Indicator: This indicator, viewable in IQ software, reports the present Conductor

status of the device. If the indicator is ON, the unit is operating as the network Conductor.

When OFF, the unit is operating as a Performer.

• Priority: This parameter adjusts the priority level for becoming the Conductor. When set

to zero, the PIP-USP3/CN will never function as the Conductor, and when set to 255 it will

always function as the Conductor. The higher the priority number, the more likely unit will

act as the Conductor. The Priority object is stored in presets.

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System Name

This parameter is user-settable to any alpha-numeric string of 30 characters or less. The

intended use is to communicate a unique name for the particular device to a network. The

System Name object is stored in presets.

System Description

This parameter is configured at the factory and is read-only. The intended use is to commu-

nicate a unique device description to a network.

System Location

This parameter is user-settable to any alpha-numeric string of 30 characters or less. The

intended use is to communicate a unique description of the device location to a network.

This object is stored in presets.

System Contact

This parameter is user-settable to any alpha-numeric string of 30 characters or less. The

intended use is to communicate the designated contact person (in case of service or other

network issue) to the network. This object is stored in presets.

Firmware Version

This parameter is configured at the factory and is read-only. The intended use is to commu-

nicate the presently loaded CobraNet module firmware version to a network.

MAC Address

This parameter is configured at the factory and is read-only. The setting defines a unique

IEEE802-recognized address for use with any Ethernet based network.

IP Address

This IP address is for the CobraNet control ONLY. It is used by SNMP agents such as

CobraNet Disco to control CobraNet specific functions.

This IP address should not be confused with the control system’s IP address that is used to

control and monitor the USP3/CN.

5.5.2 CobraNet Input Routing

CobraNet input routing includes the following controls:

CobraNet Receive Bundles

The PIP-USP3/CN can receive four unique CobraNet Bundles (RxA, RxB, RxC, RxD). Each

Bundle includes an “Active” indicator to indicate whether the particular Bundle is being

actively transmitted onto the network.

*For the most comprehensive information available on CobraNet technology, visit Peak

Audio’s CobraNet website at www.peakaudio.com.

**CobraCAD is a software tool that provides a simple graphic user interface for the design

of CobraNet networks. It is available for download from Peak Audio’s website at

www.peakaudio.com.

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CobraNet Receive Channels

Each CobraNet Bundle contains up to eight digital audio channels. Each channel is selected

at its respective transmitter to contain none, 16-, 20- or 24-bit audio sample data. A total of

two audio channels can be processed by the PIP-USP3/CN at any one time. Any of the

eight channels on a bundle can be can be routed to either of the two processing channel

inputs on the PIP-USP3/CN.

• Channel Label: Each received digital audio channel can be assigned a user-specified

label to indicate intended use, source or other information. The label is stored in presets

along with the bundle number and receive channel information.

5.5.3 CobraNet Output Routing

CobraNet output routing includes the following controls:

CobraNet Transmit Bundles

The PIP-USP3/CN can transmit up to four unique CobraNet Bundles (TxA, TxB, TxC, TxD).

Each Transmit Bundle includes the following controls and monitor functions:

• Receiver Count: This meter reports the number of CobraNet nodes actively receiving

the Bundle being sourced to the network by this bundle.

• Transmit Position: This meter reports the transmitter’s relative position as assigned by

th e CobraNet Conductor. Lower numbers are transmitted before higher numbers.

• Transmit Priority: This control adjusts the relative priority for the particular transmit-

ter. Higher numbers indicate a higher priority. One may choose to increase the transmitter

priority for an emergency page microphone in a heavily loaded network. The Transmit Pri-

ority object is stored in presets.

CobraNet Transmit Channels

Each CobraNet Bundle can contain up to eight unique digital audio channels. Each channel

is selected at its respective transmitter to contain none, 16-, 20- or 24-bit audio sample

data. A total of 32 channels can be transmitted by a single PIP-USP3/CN at any one time;

however, only 4 channels can be sent on up to four Bundles. The CobraNet Transmit Chan-

nel object is stored in presets.

• Channel Label: Each transmitted digital audio channel can be assigned a user-speci-

fied label to indicate intended use, source or other information. The Channel Label object is

stored in presets. The USP3/CN provides four audio channels onto the CobraNet network.

• Output Amplifier Audio: By sampling the actual output audio of the amplifer, Cobra-

Net allows remote access and monitoring of each amplifier channel at the output of the

amplifier! CobraNet extends the "Listen Bus" feature found on other PIP modules to any

network user, allowing them to listen to the output of any networked amplifier from any

location on the network.

• Balanced Audio Inputs: This allows the USP3/CN to be used not only as a CobraNet

receiver for amplifier audio, it provides a remote access point to allow audio to go onto the

CobraNet network. In applications where a single pair of audio inputs is required into

CobraNet, this feature provides a very cost effective means of CobraNet Input.

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6 Audio Signal Wiring and Network Basics

This section provides additional information about audio signal wiring and HiQnet or

Network basics. For more information about any of these topics, contact Crown Technical

Support. For AUX connector wiring, see Section 7.

6.1 A Closer Look at Audio Signal Wiring

Balanced audio inputs connect to the PIP through one or two removable barrier blocks. The

audio cables should be wired in the following manner (See Figures 6.1 and 6.2).

If possible, the use of balanced wiring is strongly recommended. Some important guide-

lines follow.

• Always use shielded wire. The higher the density of the shield (the outer conductor) the

better. Spiral wrapped shield is not recommended.

• When using unbalanced lines keep the cables as short as possible. Avoid lengths greater

than 10 feet (3 meters).

• Do not run the audio input cables together with the high-level wiring such as loud-

speaker wires or AC cords. (This lessens the chance of hum and noise being induced into

the input cables.)

• Turn the entire sound system off before changing any connections. Turn the level con-

trols down before powering the system back up. Crown is not liable for damage incurred

when any transducer or component is overdriven.

DO NOT USE THE CHANNEL 2 INPUT if the amplifier is used in either Bridge-Mono or

Parallel-Mono mode.

For additional information on audio input wiring please refer to the Crown Amplifier Appli-

cation Guide available online at www.crownaudio.com. It contains helpful information on

preventing unwanted subsonic frequencies, radio frequency interference, ground loops,

and feedback oscillation.

Figure 6.2 Input Wiring for the PIP-USP3/CN

Figure 6.1 Input Wiring for the PIP-Lite and

PIP-USP3

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6.2 Network Basics

HiQnet and TCP/IQ are network based protocols that have the ability to control and monitor

networked components over a common TCP/IP network. For components that have Cobra-

Net capability, HiQnet and TCP/IQ have the ability to control and monitor these compo-

nents over the same Ethernet network used for CobraNet audio, resulting in a single

Category-5 connection for control, monitoring, and digital audio. Figure 6.3 shows a typi-

cal TCP/IP network.

TCP/IP offers a number of advantages over other non-network communications platforms.

• The use of “off-the-shelf” networking hardware. This technology makes use of

network connectivity and hardware commonly used in the computer industry, making it

both low-cost and readily available.

• Better Performance. The capacity for real-time display of meters is greatly enhanced

through the use of the wide-bandwidth network.

• Single connection for both CobraNet audio and control communications.

Gone are the days of multiple connections to a component for audio and control. A single

CAT5 connection handles it all.

Figure 6.3 A TCP/IP Network

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Some of the features of HiQnet and TCP/IQ include:

• Ability to quickly discover all components connected to the network.

• Synchronization of multiple control points on a network.

• Components on different Local Area Networks (LANs) through the use of an IP router.

• Component firmware upgrades via the network.

Ethernet Networks are established through the use of either a hub or a switch. These

devices are centralized in the network and transfer the Ethernet data from point to point.

Ethernet data is transferred in data packets that have addresses coded into their structure.

Hubs and switches decipher these addresses and route the data packets to the appropriate

component. Hubs do this by taking packets from any port and sending them out all other

ports. Switches, on the other hand, are more intelligent and examine each packet’s address,

sending that packet only to the addressed component. This results in a much more efficient

data flow.

Communications between networks is allowed, but requires the use of a special piece of

equipment called an IP Router. The router acts as a Gateway to allow this communication to

exist. Any data traffic that is to go to the other network is routed through the IP Router. The

CobraNet data is held behind but IP data goes through.

Each IQ Component has three identifiers that are used in theTCP/IQ or HiQnet system:

• Media Access Control (MAC) Address

• Internet Protocol (IP) Address

• IQ or HiQnet Address

Let’s explain each identifier.

Media Access Control (MAC) Address: This is a physical address that specifies a

specific physical network component. This address is predefined during manufacture and

cannot be modified. No two network components have the same MAC address and each

component is uniquely identified by its MAC address. This 48 bit address is located on the

outside of every IQ component and is shown in hexadecimal format as 6 two-byte octets

such as:

00-0A-40-00-DC-2F

Internet Protocol (IP) Address: The IP address of a component is assigned during the

setup of the network and identifies the IQ component to a larger audience. Because the

MAC address is limited to a single physical LAN, communications between LANs is impos-

sible solely through the use of the MAC address. The IP address allows components and

controllers on other networks to communicate with each other through the use of an IP

Router as shown in Figure 6.4.

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This allows the network designer to isolate network traffic from each other. For example,

when using wireless devices to control IQ components, the bandwidth limitation of wireless

devices will not allow them to reside on the same network with CobraNet. As a result, the

use of an IP router and a separate network allows the wireless controllers to access the IQ

components through the router using IP addressing. The IP address appears as four num-

bers (0-255) separated by periods, such as:

192.168.0.1

IQ or HiQnet Address: HiQnet or TCP/IQ components will be addressed with a unique

number from 1 to 64,000 and are assigned within the software. The Subnet Mask is four

numbers (0-255) separated by periods. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.25.0 and an

IP address of 192.168.0.127 says that all IP addresses in that LAN are in the IP address

range of 192.168.01 to 192.168.0.255.

If a controller is on a different network than the audio components, communications must

occur through an IP router. discovery requires the use of broadcast Ethernet data packets

onto the network. These broadcast commands cannot be done through an IP router, there-

fore a Discovery Proxy is required. The establishment of this proxy is done in by naming the

Figure 6.4 Multiple-Network Communication Via an IP Router

Computer

Laptop

100Mb Switch

PIP-Lite

PIP-USP3

PIP-USP3/CN

100Mb Switch

IP Router

Computer

Wireless Access Point

Laptop

AUDIO NETWORK VENUE NETWORK

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IP address of a known component on the component network as the Discovery Proxy

within IQWin or TCPIQ Util. In System Architect it is done in Tools > Options > Network

Settings > Manage Network Connections.

6.3 A Closer Look at CobraNet (PIP-USP3/CN only)

Licensed by Peak Audio, CobraNet is a protocol, firmware and hardware that lets you

transmit digital audio over a 100Base-T Fast-Ethernet network.

This section provides an overview of CobraNet. Peak Audio has provided a number of

technical papers that describe CobraNet in detail. These papers are available at:

http://www.PeakAudio.com.

6.3.1 Fast Ethernet

(100Base-T)

Fast Ethernet (100Base-T) runs at 100Mbps (Megabits per second). It uses a hub or net-

work switch to interconnect all network nodes (components). This forms a star network

(see Figure 6.5). In a star network, all PCs are connected to a centralized hub or switch.

Messages are sent from the originating PC to the hub, which then transmits the message

either to the whole network or, if a switched hub (network switch) is used, to the destina-

tion device only.

Figure 6.5 Star Network Topology

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The usual assignment is 8 channels at 20 bits. You can use fewer channels per bundle, but

maximum size bundles are suggested for the most efficient use of network bandwidth. If 24-

bit data is desired, then only 7 audio channels can be loaded into a single Bundle.

In IQwic, you create audio connections between sending devices (transmitters) and receiv-

ing devices (receivers). For example, a mixer could be a transmitter, and a power amp could

be a receiver.

You assign each connection a Bundle number. The Bundle number indicates which devices

are communicating with each other.

Also in IQwic or System Architect, you address each connection as Multicast or Unicast. A

Multicast (Broadcast) connection is from one transmitter to multiple receivers. A Unicast

connection is from one transmitter to one receiver. For example, if you send a mixer's digi-

tal audio signal to several power amps, the signal would be Multicast. Unicast is most used

on “switched” networks requiring more than 64 channels.

You specify a connection as Multicast or Unicast by the delivery address it you give it in

IQwic or System Architect. 255 and lower is Multicast (Broadcast); 256 and up is Unicast.

6.3.4 The Conductor

A CobraNet system is coordinated by one audio device in the network called the Conductor.

It regulates the CobraNet digital audio traffic on the CobraNet network. That is, the Conduc-

tor is the master clock for the rest of the network.

You choose one device to be the network conductor based on a priority scheme. The Con-

ductor indicator will light on the CobraNet device that is serving as the conductor.

The Conductor handles time-division multiplexing and clock recovery on the network. The

Conductor periodically broadcasts a well-defined “beat” packet to all components to

recover synchronous timing information. The “beat” also specifies which addresses can

transmit at certain time slots within the “beat” period.

Each transmitting device is allowed to transmit in a given time-slot within the Conductor-

controlled isochronous cycle time. The time-slot is determined by the assigned bundle pri-

ority. Higher bundle priorities receive lower-numbered positions and are transmitted first.

6.3.5 Repeater Networks

CobraNet can operate on repeater networks or switched networks. Repeater networks use

low-cost Ethernet hubs. Switched networks use network switches.

Hubs send all data packets to all connected nodes. That is, all devices in the network

receive data -- even the Unicast data. Switches send specific packets to specific devices.

Up to 8 full-loaded Bundles (64 audio channels) are allowed on a repeater network. More

Bundles may be allowed if they are loaded with less than the full eight audio channels.

Generally, a repeater-based CobraNet network must carry only CobraNet data to guarantee

reliable transmission of audio packets. Use of repeater networks is not recommended.

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7 Advanced Features and Options

7.1 Using the AUX Connector

The AUX connector offers a means to tap some of the flexibility of the Harman Pro System

Architect or Crown IQ System. It can be used to enable peripherals, send a signal to another

system component, and send a line-level audio signal of the amplifier's output.

The AUX connector is an RJ-11 type. Pins 3 and 4 are used as a control output. Pins 2 and

3 function as a control input. Pin 5 is a voltage supply pin for use with the control input.

Pins 1 and 6 support the Listen Bus or Foldback feature in the IQ-PIP-Lite and IQ-PIP-

USP3 only.

7.1.1 AUX Output

The AUX output provides a +15 VDC output, current limited to 10 mA, which can be

switched on or off under software control. In its basic mode, the AUX output can be used to

control auxiliary equipment. To control AC-line-powered equipment the AUX output must

actuate a relay. The relay would then turn on the auxiliary equipment. See Figure 7.1.

Figure 7.1 AUX Output Control of a Relay

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The AUX output has two enhanced modes: Error Reporting and Flash Preset. In Error

Reporting mode, the AUX port can be set up to change state when any selected error (clip,

thermal, amp fault, load impedance, and AC line level) is detected. With this feature, the

AUX output of each amplifier can be wired to a separate light on a panel at the control loca-

tion to indicate whether the amplifier is or is not in error. Generally, the AUX output inverter

is used for such a system. This way if the panel light is on the operator knows “all is well”.

If it is off the operator knows the amplifier has an error or that it is not powered.

Figure 7.2 Wiring a Remote Preset Selector

The other enhanced AUX output mode is Flash Preset. This mode allows remote indication

of the selected preset. In this mode, the AUX output will flash a number of times equal to

the selected preset followed by a pause. By using the Change Preset AUX input mode and

the Flash Preset AUX output mode, this allows a remote panel to function as a preset con-

troller. The panel would contain a simple light and pushbutton connected to the AUX output

and input. See Figure 7.2.

7.1.2 AUX Input

In its basic input mode, the AUX input allows an external input source to be detected by the

software. This input can be a temperature sensor, door closure switch, or operator pushbut-

ton. It can be used by the IQ software to change configuration settings on any or all system

devices. See the Harman Pro System Architect or Crown IQ System Help files for exact

information.

Pin 5 of the AUX input is a power-supply pin designed for use by the AUX input pin. Since

the AUX input floats low, the AUX input can be triggered by just a simple switch closure

between it and the AUX power pin. No external power supply is needed to operate the AUX

input under most conditions. If the AUX input is used to sense a externally supplied voltage

it must be scaled so that low inputs are between 0 and 1.6 VDC, and high inputs are

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between 4 and 15 VDC. Externally supplied voltages should be referenced to AUX ground

on pin 3.

The AUX input features seven enhanced modes. The first six modes allow the AUX input to

mute or power-down either or both channels. The AUX Input Inversion Control allows either

a high or low AUX input to activate these functions. These modes can be used for emer-

gency shutdown for a fire alarm system. A simple switch closure from the alarm system

would disable an entire sound system when a fire alarm is activated.

7.1.3 Listen Bus Wiring

The AUX port is also used for the Listen Bus or Foldback connection. Pins 1 and 6 of the

connector provide a balanced line-level audio output that can be selectively driven by either

channel under software control. Multiple IQ-PIP-USP3 modules can have their Listen Bus

outputs wired onto a single bus allowing the system operator to listen to any of their out-

puts.

Figure 7.3 Listen Bus Wiring

6 5 4 3 2 1

AUX

CO ECTORNN

TO BALA CEDN

I PUTN

–

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8 Specifications

Connectors: See Figure 2.1, 2.2 or 2.3.

Network: RJ-45 connector forming an IEEE 802.3 Ethernet NIC connection.

AUX: RJ-11.

Channel 1 and Channel 2 balanced inputs:

PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3: 3-pin, 5mm removable barrier block

(one per channel).

PIP-USP3/CN: One 5-pin, 5mm removable barrier block.

Indicators: See Figure 2.1, 2.2 or 2.3. A yellow DATA indicator flashes when the PIP

receives a valid command that is addressed to the PIP. A green PRESET indicator flashes to

indicate the selected and active user preset.

PIP-Lite and PIP-USP3: A yellow LINK ACT indicator (integrated in the network connector)

indicates a valid Ethernet link when lit and the presence of Ethernet traffic when flashing. A

green 100 MB indicator (integrated in the network connector) indicates a valid 100 Megabit

connection.

PIP-USP3/CN: A green LINK indicator (integrated in the network connector ) indicates a

valid Ethernet link when lit and the presence of Ethernet traffic when flashing. The left indi-

cator lights yellow on the port in use, and will blink if the device is also the conductor (tim-

ing reference). 7A yellow FAULT indicator shows that an unexpected condition within the

CobraNet interface has been detected.

Memory Backup: 4 Megabit nonvolatile FLASH memory for backup of run-time settings,

presets, and program storage. Capable of 10,000 write cycles.

Communications: 100Mb Fast Ethernet conforming to IEEE 802.3.

Power Requirements:

PIP-Lite: Approx. 5 watts.

PIP-USP3: Approx. 7 watts.

PIP-USP3/CN: Approx. 9 watts.

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Audio Performance:

Input Impedance: Nominally 20 kilohms balanced, 10 kilohms unbalanced.

Maximum Analog Input Level: + 20 dBu.

ADC Conversion (USP3, USP3/CN only)

USP3: 24 bit

USP3/CN: 18 bit

DSP Processing (USP3, USP3/CN only): 32 bit, Floating Point

DAC Conversion (USP3, USP3/CN only): 24 bit

Signal to Noise Ratio (USP3, USP3/CN only): 70 dB typical (A-weighted, 20Hz to

20kHz).

Dynamic Range:

PIP-Lite: >110 dB (A-weighted, 20 Hz to 20 kHz)

PIP-USP3: >105 dB (A-weighted, 20Hz to 20kHz)

PIP-USP3/CN: >105 dB (A-weighted, 20Hz to 20 kHz)

Crosstalk (USP3, USP3/CN only): > 60 dB @ 1KHz.

Common Mode Rejection (CMR): 50 dB typical.

Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD +N):

PIP-Lite: < 0.05% (1 kHz, 0 dBu).

PIP-USP3 and IQ-PIP-USP3/CN: < 0.05% (20Hz to 20kHz).

Frequency Response: ± 0.5 dB, 20Hz to 20kHz.

Input/Output Monitor Accuracy: Typically ±1dB.

Table 1: Latency

PIP-USP3 PIP-USP3/CN

A/D conversion 250 µs 312 µs

D/A conversion 135 µs 135 µs

DSP processing 665 µs 665 µs

8 Specifications

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9 Using the PIP-Lite with the

IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter

The IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter allows many older Crown PIP-compatible amplifiers (i.e.,

Macro-Tech

® 00 Series, Com-Tech 00 Series, and Studio Reference Series amplifiers) to

access the power and versatility of the Crown PIP-Lite module. The PIP-USP3 and PIP-

USP3/CN do not work with the IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter.

The IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter can be installed into the following Crown amplifier models:

CT-200*, CT-400*, CT-800*, CT-1600*

MA-600, MA-1200, MA-2400

MA-3600VZ, MA-5000VZ**

MA-24x6, MA-36x12

Macro Reference*

Studio Reference I

Studio Reference II

*Important: Some of the first generation Com-Tech Series and Macro-Reference amplifi-

ers have soldered 16-pin ribbon and 5-pin signal cable connections, rather than the modu-

lar type described in Section 3.3. If you find that your original Com-Tech Series or Macro-

Reference amplifier has the soldered type cable connections, contact the Crown Technical

Support Group for installation instructions.

**Important: Some newer Macro-Tech MA-5000VZ amplifiers are already PIP2-compati-

ble and can accept the PIP-Lite directly. Older MA-5000VZ amplifiers are not PIP2-com-

patible. Those amplifiers have soldered 16-pin ribbon and 5-pin signal connections, rather

than the modular type described in Section 3.3. If you find that your MA-5000VZ amplifier

has the soldered type cable connections, contact the Crown Technical Support Group for

installation instructions.

Important: The IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter is designed for use with the IQ-PIP-USP2 module

and PIP-Lite ONLY, and will NOT work with the IQ-PIP-USP2/CN, USP3, USP3/CN, or any

other PIP module.

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Figure 9.1 IQwic “General” Tab Showing Identification of IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter

Please note the following differences when using the PIP-Lite with the IQ-PIP-USP2

Adapter:

Different Identification within the software

• The software recognizes and identifies the IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter itself, rather than the

host amplifier module (see Figure 9.1).

• The serial number is fixed to “AFTERMKT.”

• The Date Code is fixed to the date of the IQ-PIP-USP2 Adapter manufacture.

136763-7_4-08_networked_pip-series_reference_manual.fm Page 59 Monday, March 17, 2008 11:17 AM

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